常用兒科醫(yī)學(xué)詞匯

兒科學(xué)Pediatrics
兒童保健Child care
疾病防治Disease prevention
營(yíng)養(yǎng)基礎(chǔ)Basal nutrition
嬰兒喂養(yǎng)Infants’ feeding
營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良Malnutrition
小兒肥胖obesity in Childhood
解剖Anatomy
生理生化Physiology and biochemistry
營(yíng)養(yǎng)代謝Nutrition and Metabolism
免疫Immunity
病理Pathology
疾病的種類(lèi)Variety of Disease
臨床表現(xiàn)Clinical Situation
診斷Diagnosis
治療：Treatment
預(yù)后：Prognosis
預(yù)防：Prevention
胎兒期：Fetal Stage
胚卵期Ovigerm Stage
胚胎期Embryo Stage
新生兒期：Neonatal Period
臍帶Omphalus
足月兒Term Infant
早產(chǎn)兒Premature
過(guò)期產(chǎn)兒Post term Infant
圍產(chǎn)期Perinatal stage
嬰兒期：Infancy
幼兒期：Toddler Period
學(xué)齡期：School age
青春期：Adolescence
遺傳inheritance
性別sex
內(nèi)分泌endocrine
孕母情況mother’s condition
營(yíng)養(yǎng)nutrition
生活環(huán)境living environment
急性感染acute infection
慢性疾病chronic disease
消化道疾病disease of digestive tract
內(nèi)分泌疾病endocrine disease
先天性疾病congenital disease
體格生長(zhǎng)：Physique growth
攝入不足insufficiency of intake
胎糞排出excretion of meconium
水分丟失loss of moist
生長(zhǎng)高峰summit of growth
臥位clinostatasm
站立位erect position
頭頂vertex
恥骨聯(lián)合上緣superior margin of pubic symphysis

足底sole
臍nave
頭圍：Head Circumference
胸圍：Chest Circumference
顱骨：Cranium
顱縫cranial sutures
前囟anterior fontanel
后囟posterior
脊柱：Rachis
長(zhǎng)骨：Long Bone
干骺端Metaphysis
軟骨骨化Cartilaginous ossification
骨膜下成骨Subperiosteum ossification
乳牙deciduous teeth
恒牙permanent teeth
(乳牙)萌出eruption
神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)nervous system
脊髓spinal cord
運(yùn)動(dòng)發(fā)育：Motor development
發(fā)音器官organs of voicing
聽(tīng)覺(jué)sense of hearing
大腦語(yǔ)言中樞cerebral language center
語(yǔ)言交流communication
護(hù)理：Nursing
計(jì)劃免疫：Planned Immunity
心理衛(wèi)生：Mental Health
生活習(xí)慣living habit
社會(huì)適應(yīng)能力social adaptation
親情 parent-child relationship
健康查體：Physical Examination
隨訪(fǎng)follow-up
戶(hù)外活動(dòng)open field activity
身體撫觸 stroking massage
窒息apnea
中毒intoxication
外傷trauma
預(yù)防接種：Vaccination
主動(dòng)免疫Active immunity
被動(dòng)免疫passive immunity
預(yù)防接種vaccination
小兒傳染病infectious disease
卡介苗 Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine, BCG vaccine
脊髓灰質(zhì)炎疫苗 Polimyelitis Vaccine
麻疹疫苗 Measles Vaccine
百白破三聯(lián)疫苗 Pertussis-Diphtheria-Tetanus triple vaccine
乙肝疫苗Hepatitis B vaccine
初種primary vaccination
復(fù)種revaccination
不良反應(yīng)reaction
熱量的需要：Caloric Requirement
基礎(chǔ)代謝：Basal Metabolism
排泄 Excretion
蛋白質(zhì)：Protein
碳水化合物：Carbohydrate
脂肪：Fat
維生素：Vitamins
水溶性維生素：Water-soluble Vitamin
脂溶性維生素：Fat-soluble Vitamin
礦物質(zhì)：Mineral
膳食纖維：Dietary Fiber
母乳喂養(yǎng)：Breast Feeding
母乳的成分：Component of Mother’s Milk
免疫物質(zhì)：immune material
免疫球蛋白：Immune Gloulin
補(bǔ)體：Complement
乳鐵蛋白：Lactoferrin
溶菌酶：Lysozyme
雙歧因子：Bifidus Factor
細(xì)胞成分：Components of Cells
慢性消耗性疾?。篊hronic consumptions
精神障礙：Mental disorders
急性傳染病：Acute infectious diseases
斷奶：Weaning
人工喂養(yǎng)：Bottle-Feeding
稀釋?zhuān)篋ilution
加糖：Add Sugar
煮沸：Boiling
定時(shí)定量：Time and rationed Feeding
個(gè)體差異：Individual Difference
混合喂養(yǎng)Mixed Feeding
大小便：Defecation
代授法：Breast-bottle-feeding
補(bǔ)授法：Supplemental Feeding
輔食添加：The Introduction of solid food
營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良Malnutrition
代謝異常Developmental and Metabolic Disorder
臨床分型：Clinical typing
消瘦型Marasmus Malnutrition
浮腫型Edema Malnutrition
消瘦－浮腫型Marasmus—Edema Malnutrition
病因：Etiological Factor
攝入不足：Deficiency of Intake
輔食添加不及時(shí)：Introduction of Solid Food
飲食結(jié)構(gòu)不合理：Incorrect Components of Diet
不良飲食習(xí)慣：Bad Eating Habit
消化吸收障礙：Disorder of Digestion and Absorption
消化道先天畸形：Congenital Anomaly of Digestive Tract
先天性代謝障礙：Congenital Dysbolism
消化功能紊亂：Disorder of Digestive Function
需求增多：Requirement Increases
生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育迅速的時(shí)期：The period when children grow rapidly
疾病恢復(fù)期：Recovery Phase of diseases
雙胎或多胎：Twins or Multiplets
早產(chǎn)：Premature
消耗性疾病Consumptions
病理生理：Pathophysiology
代謝異常：Dysbolism
體溫調(diào)節(jié)：Thermoregulation
機(jī)體各系統(tǒng)功能低下：Incapacity of Body Systems
消化系統(tǒng)：Digestive System
循環(huán)系統(tǒng)：Circulatory System
泌尿系統(tǒng)：Urinary System
神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)：Nervous System
免疫系統(tǒng)：Immune System
臨床表現(xiàn)：Clinical Situation
皮下脂肪Subcutaneous Fat
腹Abdomen
軀干Trunk
臀Breech
四肢Extremities
面頰Cheeks
皮膚Skin
干燥Dehydration
蒼白Pale；
肌肉Muscles
松弛Laxity
萎縮Atrophy；
精神狀態(tài)Mental Status
萎靡Dispirited
反應(yīng)差Low Response；
全身癥狀General Symptoms
并發(fā)癥：Complication
營(yíng)養(yǎng)性貧血：Nutritional Anemia
各種維生素缺乏癥：Various Kinds of Avitaminosis
感染：Infections
低血糖：Hypoglycemia
診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：Standard of Dignosis
分型：Types
分度：Degrees
實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢查：Laboratory Examination
鑒別診斷：Differential Diagnosis
治療原則：Therapeutic Principle
綜合治療Comprehensive Treatment
治療方法：Therapeutic Method
積極治療原發(fā)?。篊ure the Primary Disease
飲食治療：Diet Therapy
藥物治療：Drug Treatment
支持治療：Supporting Therapy
危重癥處理：Treatment in Crises
度營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良伴腹瀉時(shí)的治療Severe Malnutrition companied by Diarrhea
營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良性水腫的治療Nutritional Edema
蛋白質(zhì)缺乏綜合癥（惡心營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良綜合癥）Kwashiorkor
添加輔食：Instruction of solid food
睡眠充足：Sufficient Sleeping
防治先天性疾病和小兒急性傳染?。篜revention and Treatment of Congenital Diseases and Acute Infectious Diseases
孕期保健與產(chǎn)前診斷：Health Care in Pregnancy and Prenatal Diagnosis
新生兒篩查：Neonatal Screening
治療先天性疾病：Cure Congenital Diseases
按時(shí)預(yù)防接種：Vaccination on time
定期體格檢查：Regular Physical Examination
營(yíng)養(yǎng)障礙性疾病Dystrophy
病因及病理生理：Etiological Factor and Pathophysiology
單純性肥胖：Simple Obesity
攝入過(guò)多：Excessive Intake
活動(dòng)過(guò)少：Lack of Movement
家族遺傳：Inheritance
神經(jīng)、精神因素：Nervous and Mental Factors
繼發(fā)性肥胖：Secondary Obesity
膝外翻Genu Valgum
扁平足Fallen arch
性發(fā)育較早：Early Sexual Development
實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢查：Laboratory Examinations
膽固醇Cholesterol
甘油三酯Triglyceride
β脂蛋白Beta Lipoprotein
胰島素Insulin
生長(zhǎng)激素Growth Hormone
診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：Standard of Diagnosis
輕度Mild
制度Moderate
重度Severe