新冠肺炎“假陰性”病例頻出，會(huì)導(dǎo)致漏診嗎？

近期，多地在新冠肺炎確診過(guò)程中出現(xiàn)“假陰性”情況，即患者是新型冠狀病毒感染者，但是核酸檢測(cè)報(bào)告陰性，給疫情防控帶來(lái)不小挑戰(zhàn)。 

Reports that nucleic acid tests have returned false-negative results for people infected with the novel coronavirus have prompted medical workers to deploy multiple measures to identify infections and implement rigorous isolation measures amid the viral epidemic.
一些新型冠狀病毒感染者的核酸檢測(cè)結(jié)果出現(xiàn)“假陰性”，這類(lèi)報(bào)告促使醫(yī)護(hù)人員采取多重措施確診感染者，并采取更加嚴(yán)格的隔離措施來(lái)防控疫情。

據(jù)《新京報(bào)》報(bào)道，一位武漢來(lái)京的發(fā)熱肺炎患者2月5日在中日醫(yī)院呼吸四部確診為新型冠狀病毒感染肺炎。

An infected patient in Beijing tested negative three times for the virus through routine throat swab nucleic acid tests. The case was eventually confirmed by extracting samples from the lower respiratory tract — a more intrusive procedure.
此例患者入院前三次咽拭子新冠病毒核酸檢測(cè)均為陰性，入院后從下呼吸道提取樣本檢測(cè)才發(fā)現(xiàn)新冠病毒核酸陽(yáng)性。

公開(kāi)資料顯示，除中日醫(yī)院這名“假陰性”患者外，浙江、寧夏、福建、天津已出現(xiàn)多例核酸檢測(cè)“假陰性”病例。

針對(duì)這一情況，2月9日，國(guó)務(wù)院聯(lián)防聯(lián)控機(jī)制新聞發(fā)布會(huì)稱(chēng)，任何病毒的核酸檢測(cè)結(jié)果都不可能是100%陽(yáng)性，對(duì)新冠病毒的核酸檢測(cè)也不例外，“假陰性”在所難免。

Gao Zhancheng, head of the respiratory and critical care department at Peking University's People's Hospital, said a range of factors will impact the accuracy of nucleic acid testing, including the severity of symptoms, the illness' development, the extraction method and the circumstances at laboratories.
北京大學(xué)人民醫(yī)院呼吸與危重癥醫(yī)學(xué)科主任高占成說(shuō)，核酸檢測(cè)結(jié)果也受患者病情輕重、疾病不同階段、取樣方式方法、實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢測(cè)條件影響。

"Nucleic acid testing targeting other viruses also cannot ensure full accuracy. However, such testing remains an irreplaceable way to confirm infection," he told a news conference held by the State Council's Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism on Sunday.
“任何病毒的核酸檢測(cè)結(jié)果都不可能是100%陽(yáng)性，但對(duì)于確診新冠肺炎，核酸檢測(cè)是不可或缺的手段。”高占成在9日的國(guó)務(wù)院聯(lián)防聯(lián)控機(jī)制新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上說(shuō)。

"Under the current treatment guideline, suspected cases who have tested negative for the virus once are also required to be quarantined at designated facilities for strict observation."
“初次檢測(cè)陰性的疑似患者，按照現(xiàn)行國(guó)家衛(wèi)健委診療方案要求，還需在定點(diǎn)醫(yī)院隔離觀察?！?/span>

對(duì)于假陰性是否會(huì)導(dǎo)致漏診的問(wèn)題，專(zhuān)家們表示，不必過(guò)分擔(dān)心，病例的確診和排除，除了核酸檢測(cè)，還將結(jié)合流行病學(xué)史（ epidemiological records）、臨床癥狀（clinical symptoms）、CT影像（ CT scan imaging）等判斷。 

【相關(guān)詞匯】

新型冠狀病毒肺炎，簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)新冠肺炎
novel coronavirus pneumonia, NCP

核酸檢測(cè)
nucleic /nju?'kli??k/ acid test

下呼吸道
lower respiratory tract

疑似病例
suspected cases

定點(diǎn)醫(yī)院
designated hospital