科技文翻譯中非人稱主語句翻譯

      出于科技文章本質的決定，科技文章中很少用人稱主語，而多用非人稱主語。這些非人稱主語后續(xù)謂語動詞不是一般非人稱主語所用的動詞，而是為了人稱主語所使用的的表示感覺、意識、情感或動作之類的謂語動詞。于是就出現(xiàn)了“非人稱主語+人稱主語使用的謂語動詞”一現(xiàn)象，常稱之為“非人稱主語句”。這樣的擬人色彩是本來顯得單調乏味的科技文章有了些許亮色，增添了不少生機?？蠢洌?nbsp;
　　1 The food industry has also introduced new technologies for food storage,processing,preservation,and distribution that have reduced post-harvest losses. 
　　2 They have also introduced new technologies for food storage,processing,preservation,and distribution,which have reduced post-harvest losses. 
　　漢譯： 
　　食品工業(yè)也引進了新技術，用于食品的貯藏、加工、保鮮盒分配，減少了收獲后的損失。 
　　此外，非人稱主語句式可以用更簡潔的形式表達科技英文的各種邏輯關系，而將“邏輯標志”統(tǒng)統(tǒng)省略，即變英語的形合句為意合句?？蠢洌?nbsp;
　　非人稱主語句省略了條件句： 
　　1 Seismic measurement of travel time and amplitude define the subfurface geometry and give estimates of the acoustic impedances related to rock velocities and densities. 
　　2 If we measure the travel time and amplitude,we can define the subfurface geometry and give estimates of the acoustic impedances related to rock velocities and densities. 
　　漢譯：如果我們測得地震波的走時和振幅，我們就能夠確定地下的幾何形狀并估算與巖石速率和密度有關的聲阻抗。 
　　非人稱主語句省略了時間狀語從句： 
　　1 Analysis of a damaged material usually requires intuitive judgement followed by real-life testing. 
　　2 When we are doing an analysis of a damaged material,usually it requires intuitive judgement followed by real-life testing. 
　　漢譯：當我們在分析破損材料時，通常需要先做直觀判斷，再做實際實驗。 
　　非人稱主語句省略了因果關系句： 
　　1 The effectiveness of the electronic computer lies in its great speed and accuracy in calculation. 
　　2 The effectiveness of the electronic computer is achieved because it has great speed and accuracy in calculation. 
　　漢譯：電子計算機之所以效率高，是由于其速度快，而且計算準確。 
　　非人稱主語句省略了讓步從句： 
　　1 Even the dissolution in water cannot enable common salt to change its chemical properties. 
　　2 Even though we dissolve the salt in water,we cannot enable common salt to change its chemical properties. 
　　漢譯：即使我們將普通鹽溶于水，也不能改變其化學性質。 
　　綜上所述，非人稱主語句現(xiàn)象作用是蠻大的。不光出現(xiàn)在科技書名文中，其他問題中也有很常見。希望對大家的英漢互譯學習有所幫助。