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上海翻譯公司:合同翻譯的要求注意事項(xiàng)及其案例

發(fā)表時(shí)間:2016/11/28 00:00:00  瀏覽次數(shù):2218  
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        上海翻譯公司在多年合同翻譯過(guò)程中,具有相當(dāng)豐富的合同翻譯的經(jīng)驗(yàn),整理出合同翻譯該注意的基本事項(xiàng),希望對(duì)大家有幫助。 
  1.合同翻譯的注意事項(xiàng) 
  要翻譯好合同,我們必須首先了解合同本身的特點(diǎn)。合同屬法律文件,其條款內(nèi)容周密,語(yǔ)言精確,毫不含糊。歸納起來(lái),合同有以下幾個(gè)特點(diǎn): 
  1.1選詞具體 
  合同的目的是明確參與各方的權(quán)利、義務(wù)。用詞過(guò)于抽象,給人聯(lián)想的余地就大。為了避免造成理解上的誤區(qū),用詞須具體。 
  1.2 用詞精當(dāng) 
  1.3表達(dá)縝密 
  合同是一種法律文本,往往一個(gè)限制性短語(yǔ),甚至一個(gè)字都涉及到權(quán)利和義務(wù)。因此,為了使條款更準(zhǔn)確,往往使用很多限制詞語(yǔ),句法結(jié)構(gòu)也顯得比較復(fù)雜。1)狀語(yǔ)限定。狀語(yǔ)可表時(shí)間、條件,因果,也可表方式,目的,從不同方面對(duì)合同各方權(quán)益進(jìn)行嚴(yán)格的限定,以確保意思準(zhǔn)確、不含糊。 
  2.合同翻譯實(shí)例: 
  2.1 hereby 
  英文釋義:by means of , by reason of this 
  中文譯詞:特此,因此,茲 
  用法:常用于法律文件、合同、協(xié)議書(shū)等正式文件的開(kāi)頭語(yǔ);在條款中需要強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)也可用。 
  語(yǔ)法:一般置于主語(yǔ)后,緊鄰主語(yǔ). 
  例:
  The Employer hereby covenants to pay the Contractor in consideration of the execution and completion of the Works and the remedying of defects therein the Contract Price or such other sum as may become payable under the provisions of the Contract at the time and in the manner prescribed by the Contract. 
  參考譯文: 
  業(yè)主特此立約保證在合同規(guī)定的期限內(nèi),按合同規(guī)定的方式向承包人支付合同價(jià),或合同規(guī)定的其它應(yīng)支付的款項(xiàng),以作為本工程施工、竣工及修補(bǔ)工程中缺陷的報(bào)酬。 
  注釋: 
  (1)hereby: by reason of this 特此 
  (2)covenant: v. make a formal agreement 立約,簽訂合同、條約; n. legal agreement具有法律約束的正式合同 
  (3)completion of the Works: 工程的竣工 
  (4)therein: in the Works在本工程中 
  (5)the Contract Price: 合同總價(jià),指工程的總造價(jià) 
  (6)such...as: 關(guān)系代詞,相當(dāng)于that, which 
  (7)under: in accordance with 根據(jù),按照 
  (8)the provisions of the Contract: terms and conditions of the Contract合同條款 
  2.2 hereof 
  英文釋義: of this  
  中文譯詞:關(guān)于此點(diǎn);在本文件中 
  用法:在表示上文已提及的“本合同的、本文件的……”時(shí),使用該詞。例如表示本合同條件、條款時(shí),可以說(shuō)“the terms, conditions and provisions hereof”,這里hereof表示“of this Contract”;又如表示本工程的任何部分,可用“any parts hereof”,這里hereof表示“of this Works”。 
  語(yǔ)法:一般置于要修飾的名詞的后面,與之緊鄰。 
  hereof和thereof的區(qū)別:hereof強(qiáng)調(diào)“of this”。例如,上面的“the terms, conditions and provisions thereof”中的thereof表示of the Contract;“any parts thereof”中的thereof表示of the Works。 
  例:
  Whether the custom of the Port is contrary to this Clause or not, the owner of the goods shall, without interruption, by day and night, including Sundays and holidays (if required by the carrier), supply and take delivery of the goods. Provided that the owner of the goods shall be liable for all losses or damages including demurrage incurred in default on the provisions hereof. 
  注釋: 
 ?。?)Whether the custom of the Port is contrary to this Clause or not:不論港口習(xí)慣是否與本款規(guī)定相反,whether…or not:不論……是否 
 ?。?)the owner of the goods:貨方 
 ?。?)without interruption:無(wú)間斷地 
  (4)carrier:承運(yùn)人 
 ?。?)in default on the provisions hereof:違反本款規(guī)定hereof:of this Clause 
  參考譯文: 
  不論港口習(xí)慣是否與本款規(guī)定相反,貨方都應(yīng)晝夜地,包括星期日和假日(如承運(yùn)人需要),無(wú)間斷地提供和提取貨物。貨方對(duì)違反本款規(guī)定所引起的所有損失或損壞,包括滯期應(yīng)負(fù)擔(dān)賠償責(zé)任。  

        2.3 hereto 
  英文釋義: to this 
  中文譯詞:至此,在此上。 
  用法:在表示上文已提及的“本合同的……本文件的……”時(shí),使用該詞。例如表示“本合同雙方”,可以說(shuō)“the Parties hereto”,這里hereto表示“to this Contract”;表示“本協(xié)議附件4”,可用“Appendix 4 hereto”,這里hereto表示“to this Agreement”。 
  語(yǔ)法:一般置于要修飾的名詞的后面,與之緊鄰。 
  hereto和thereto的區(qū)別:同前面所言hereof和thereof的區(qū)別類似,hereto強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“to this”。 
  例:
  All disputes arising from the performance of this Contract shall, through amicable negotiations, be settled by the Parties hereto. Should, through negotiations, no settlement be reached, the case in question shall then be submitted for arbitration to the China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission, Beijing and the arbitration rules of this Commission shall be applied. The award of the arbitration shall be final and binding upon the Parties hereto. The Arbitration fee shall be borne by the losing party unless otherwise awarded by the Arbitration Commission. 
  注釋: 
 ?。?)the performance of this Contract:履行本合同 
 ?。?)through amicable negotiations:友好協(xié)商 
  (3)the Parties hereto:the Parties to this Contract本合同雙方 
 ?。?)shall then be submitted for arbitration:提交進(jìn)行仲裁 
  (5)the China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission, Beijing:中國(guó)國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易仲裁委員會(huì)(北京) 
 ?。?)the arbitration rules of this Commission:其仲裁規(guī)則 
 ?。?)the award of the arbitration:仲裁裁決 
 ?。?)unless otherwise awarded by the Arbitration Commission:仲裁委員會(huì)另有裁定的除外 
  參考譯文: 
  對(duì)于因履行本合同所發(fā)生的一切爭(zhēng)議,本合同雙方應(yīng)友好協(xié)商解決,如協(xié)商無(wú)法解決爭(zhēng)議,則應(yīng)將爭(zhēng)議提交中國(guó)國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易仲裁委員會(huì)(北京),依據(jù)其仲裁規(guī)則進(jìn)行仲裁。仲裁裁決是終局性的,對(duì)雙方都有約束力。仲裁費(fèi)用應(yīng)由敗訴方承擔(dān),但仲裁委員會(huì)另有裁定的除外。 

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